Aikman, Charles Morton

About the author

Charles Morton Aikman (1861–1902) was a Scottish agricultural chemist whose specialized research on soil fertility and plant nutrition contributed to the emerging discipline of agricultural science in the late 19th century. While the industrial revolution was transforming urban centers, Aikman focused on optimizing rural productivity, analyzing how chemical principles could guide more effective farming practices. He believed that harnessing scientific methods was key to sustaining the agricultural sector, particularly as global trade pressures intensified competition.

His principal publication, Manures and the principles of manuring, exemplifies his dedication to empirical study and clear instruction. Aikman delved into the characteristics of various organic and inorganic fertilizers, explaining how specific combinations of nitrogen, phosphates, and potash support optimal crop growth. He also explored how soil pH, moisture levels, and microbial activity intersect to determine a plant’s ability to absorb nutrients. By grounding his explanations in straightforward language, Aikman ensured that farmers, agronomists, and students could apply his findings in practical contexts.

Though his career was cut short by his untimely death, Aikman’s work left an imprint on agricultural education and policy development. His emphasis on systematic testing and experimentation paralleled broader scientific trends, such as those championed by experimental stations across Europe and North America. Modern sustainable farming approaches continue to echo Aikman’s conviction that understanding soil chemistry is pivotal for balancing productivity with environmental stewardship. By meticulously outlining the fundamentals of manure use, he laid a foundation for progressive farming techniques that remain relevant to this day.